Umgca wemveliso wephepha lePET Featured Image

Umgca wokuvelisa iphepha le-PET

Inkcazelo emfutshane:

Iinkcukacha zeMveliso

Iithegi zeMveliso

PET sheet line Umaleko omnye kunye 0.3-1mm, ububanzi 800mmh

Umgca wokuvelisa iphepha le-PET ngomnye wemigca yokuvelisa amaphepha kunye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili, itekhnoloji evuthiweyo kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo ezizinzileyo kwinkampani yethu.Ikhalenda, isibiyeli sokupholisa, isixhobo sokujija esinesikhululo esiphindwe kabini, njl.
Isixhobo sihambelana kwisakhiwo kwaye siphezulu ekusebenzeni.I-screw kunye nebhere ziyilwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Umatshini wonke uneenzuzo zeplastiki efanayo, i-extrusion ezinzileyo, imveliso ephezulu kunye nobomi benkonzo ende.
Isixhobo sokubunjwa ngokucokisekileyo kunye ne-calendering senza i-sheet imile kakuhle ngokusebenza kwayo okulungileyo.
Iphepha le-PET eliveliswe sesi sixhobo linokuthi lifakwe kwi-thermoformed kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zokupakisha, lineepropathi ezilungileyo zesithintelo segesi, aliqulathanga ezinye izongezo, licocekile kwaye licocekile, linokuqina okuhle kunye nokwandiswa, kunye nokusebenziseka kwakhona okugqwesileyo., inokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zombane, iithoyi, ukutya, amayeza kunye nezinye iipakethe kunye neshishini elikhulu lokushicilela.
Xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zasekhaya ezifanayo, ukuqondana kungaphezulu kwe-30% ephezulu.Lo mgca wemveliso ungasetyenziselwa i-PS, i-PP, i-PE kunye nezinye iimveliso zamaphepha.

Umgca wephepha lezilwanyana ezifuywayo uquka ukondla, ii-extruders, imigca enyibilikayo (kubandakanywa ukuhluzwa, ukulinganisa iimitha) iyafa, i-casting sheets, ukutsala kunye nokujika.

Yila idatha esisiseko

Iimpawu ze-PET yesixhobo sokuvelisa iphepha:

1. Uyilo olukhethekileyo lwe-screw kwandisa umthamo wokuvelisa iyunithi ngelixa uqinisekisa ukuxuba kunye nomthamo ophezulu weplastiki, kunye nomthamo wokuvelisa iitoni ze-1.5 / iyure.

2. Uyilo lwe-double-throttle ye-hanger-block-type die head ingasetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa ububanzi bemveliso kwi-intanethi kwisiseko sokuqinisekisa ukufana kobunzima.

I-3.Inkqubo yokulawula ixesha langempela lamacandelo ombane angaphandle aqinisekisa ukuzinza nokuthembeka kwenkqubo.

4. Ikhalenda ye-Three-roller ene-spiral flow flow channel, udonga lwangaphakathi luhlanjwe yimoto ye-CNC, kwaye ubushushu buqinisekisiwe ukuba bulawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-± 1 ° C.

5. Ukusebenzisa i-Siemens PLC, yonke inkqubo ilawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kokulungiswa ngesandla.

6. I-winder yesikhululo esizenzekelayo esizenzekelayo esiphindwe kabini, esilawulwa yi-servo motor, isantya esikhawulezayo 60m / min

7. Imathiriyeli ekrwada: imathiriyeli yepolyester esulungekileyo, okanye imathiriyeli ehlaziyiweyo yepolyester:

Uhlobo lwe-PET: isilayi sezinto ezikrwada,

φ 3mm*L3mm ,Ubuninzi bobuninzi: 700~880kg/m3

2.3 Uhlobo lwemathiriyeli yokurisayikilisha:

Ibhotile ye-PET, i-PET ye-chip recycling imathiriyeli, ubukhulu be-3mm- ububanzi 6mm, Ukutyeba ≥ 0.15mm, i-Intrinsic viscosity: 0.5~0.65g/dl

Umxholo wokufuma: ≤ 0.5 ‰

8. iimpawu imveliso: Ukutyeba: 0.3-1.0mm

Ulwakhiwo: umaleko omnye, umlinganiselo womaleko: 100%

Ububanzi: 800mm (emva kokucheba)

Ububanzi bomoya (ubuninzi): 600mm (umlinganiselo woyilo lomatshini)

isantya semveliso: 3 ~ 30m / min

umthamo wokukhupha: Umthamo woyilo: 450kg/h

Iinkcukacha zobugcisa

Icandelo 1 :I-Twin screw host/extruder 75/132kw 40:1

Ukomisa kunye nokuxuba izinto eziluhlaza 2m3 ihopha yokuxuba eyomileyo

Inkqubo yokutya :Ukutya okuSpiral

inkqubo yokondla: Ukutya okumitha kweVolumetric

Inkqubo yokupholisa :Ukupholisa umoya

Inkqubo yokumpompa ivacuum ngenkani:Iringi yamanzi yempompo yokufunxa + itanki yesithinteli

Ibhokisi yegiya yokunciphisa:Ibhokisi yegiya yokunciphisa itorque ephezulu ye-NSK

Iqonga lesakhelo sentsimbi yokuvelisa: Kubandakanya inkxaso yokutshintsha isikrini, impompo enyibilikayo kunye nehanger yokufa

Icandelo 2:umtshintshi wesikrini, impompo yokulinganisa kunye nokubumba kwe-T

Icandelo 3: iyunithi yekhalenda emithathu enobubanzi obungama-400 500 500mm

Ikhalenda ye-drive ezimeleyo inokulungiswa ukusuka ngaphambili ukuya ngasemva, phezulu naphantsi

Ukukhupha iyunithi: I-aluminium idler

Ukutsalwa kwerabha enye kunye nentsimbi enye i-160mm motor 1.5kw

Ungqamaniso oluzenzekelayo kunye nohlengahlengiso loxinzelelo

ABB frequency converter

Isivamvo sokufuduka sase-Italiya saseJefferson

Icandelo 4Icandelo 4:itrektara/ishiti elirhuqwayo iseti e-1 yomphetho weyunithi: ngemela 2 iipcs

Icandelo 5: i-winder yendawo ephindwe kabini 1 iseti

Icandelo 6 iindawo zombane

Ibandakanya inxalenye yolawulo lobushushu kwaye ithatha i-slid-state relay.Inxalenye yokulawula idrayivu, imotor frequency frequency, Siemens PLC, Taiwan velon touch screen.Ulawulo lwesantya kunye noxinzelelo oluvaliweyo lwe-loop luyafezekiswa kwisixhobo sokuhambisa i-extruder.I-alamu egqibeleleyo, ukhuseleko, kunye neerekhodi zembali kuwo onke amanqanaba ukuququzelela imveliso kunye nokulawula.

Ⅲ.Inkcazo eneenkcukacha yomgca wemveliso

Icandelo I: i-twin screw extruder

1. ukuxuba izinto ekrwada kunye nenkqubo yokondla 1 iseti

Ixhotywe nge-hopper yokuxuba eyomileyo, kunye nomthamo we-cubic metres ezi-2

I-Stainless coil feeding.I-tube yangaphandle yentsimbi, intwasahlobo eyenziwe ngentsimbi yomgangatho ophezulu.Izinto eziphathekayo zinokuzaliswa ngokuzenzekelayo ngokusebenzisa inzwa yezinga lezinto.

1.0) i-screw metering feeder

Ifakwe kwi-barrel yokuqala 1 iseti

I-Screw metering feeding, amandla emoto: 1.5kw

Imowudi yolawulo lwesantya ilawulwa yi-AC frequency converter

2.0) i-twin screw extruder iseti e-1

2.1) I-motor enye ye-Drive: I-Adopt variable frequency motor, enamandla e-132kw;Irhuluneli:Khetha isiguquli samaza;

Isantya Screw: 30--300rpm; Ukuhanjiswa kwamandla: Ukudibanisa

Ibhokisi yegiya:Isinciphisi setorque ephezulu.

Ukunciphisa isantya kunye nokusabalalisa i-torque kuhlanganiswe ukuqinisa uyilo lokuthwala amandla;

Isixhobo senziwe ngentsimbi ye-alloy ephezulu.Emva kokucima i-carburizing kunye nokucima, igiya iphantsi ngokuchanekileyo.Ukuchaneka komatshini kungaphezulu kwebanga lesi-5. Ubunzima bomhlaba wezinyo bufikelela kwi-hrc60-65.Iprofayili yezinyo kunye ne-helix iguqulwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukubandakanyeka ngokugqibeleleyo kwesixhobo esiphantsi komthwalo, kunye nengxolo ephantsi kunye ne-torque enkulu yokudlulisa;

Inkqubo yokuthambisa i-oyile ikakhulu ithatha i-oyile yokuntywiliselwa ilubrication kunye ne-multi-point point spray lubrication ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izibini ezihambayo zihlala zithanjiswa;

Isakhiwo esitsha esiyilelweyo sokutywina kunye nomsesane wokutywina ovela kumazwe angaphandle uqinisekisa ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kokutywinwa kwegalelo kunye neeshafti zemveliso;
Ukupholisa i-oyile yokuthambisa: i-plate heat exchanger, ukupholisa kwamanzi okujikelezayo;Ipompo yeoli yokuthambisa: eyakhelwe ngaphakathi;

Inkqubo ye-twin screw extrusion: i-screw element:
Ubukhulu be-screw yi-75mm, edityaniswe ne-mandrel nge-involute spline;Uyilo oluphuculweyo lwekhompyuter, ukwenziwa komatshini ngokuchanekileyo, ukuzicoca okugqwesileyo kunye nokutshintshiselana;

Ngokwemathiriyeli yokusetyenzwa kunye netekhnoloji yokucubungula, kwaye ngoncedo lweminyaka yamava atyebileyo kwi-screw configuration R & D kunye noyilo kunye neenzuzo zesoftware, indibaniselwano yebhloko yokwakha inokuqonda ngokufanelekileyo imisebenzi yokuhambisa iplastiki, ukuxuba kunye nokuxuba, ukusasazwa kwe-shear, i-homogenization, i-exhaust devolatilization, i-extrusion yokwakha uxinzelelo kunye nokunye.

Izinto eziphathekayo: umgangatho ophezulu we-38CrMoAlA nitriding steel emva kweeyure ze-72 unyango lwe-nitriding;Screw direction direction: Jikelezisa kwicala elinye.

Izinto eziphathekayo: zenziwe nge-alloy high-high-high-forty quenching and tempering treatment, hardness 300-350hb, composite forging, ukuphucula amandla kunye nokuqina, kunye nokuqinisekisa iimfuno zokudluliselwa kwe-screw torque.

Isilinda:Isilinda yamkela uyilo lwemodyuli, enokuthi idityaniswe ngokukhululekileyo, ichaneke ngoomatshini kunye nokutshintshana okugqwesileyo.Izinto ze-barel: umgangatho ophezulu we-38CrMoAlA nitriding steel emva kweeyure ze-72 unyango lwe-nitriding;

Ukufudumeza umgqomo: Ukufudumeza kombane, ukuphoswa kobhedu kunye nezifudumezi ze-aluminiyam ziyasetyenziswa, kunye nobushushu bokufudumala
Ukupholisa umgqomo: ukupholisa kwefeni kuyamkelwa, kusetyenziswa amandla aphantsi kunye notshintsho oluncinci lobushushu, olulungele ukusetyenzwa kwesilwanyana sasekhaya.Umzimba ophakathi woqhagamshelo:

Izinto zensimbi eziphosiweyo, ukuchaneka kwe-machining, ukuqinisekisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuthe tye phakathi kwetyala lothumelo kunye ne-cylinder kunye ne-coaxiality ye-shaft ye-output case shaft kunye ne-screw.

Inkxaso yesilinda:
Ulwakhiwo lwenkxaso ephindwe kabini, ukusebenza okuzinzileyo;
I-axial displacement pressing mechanism yenzelwe phakathi kwenkxaso ye-cylinder kunye ne-cylinder ukuphelisa i-deformation kunye ne-vibration ye-extruder ngenxa yokwandiswa kwe-thermal ye-cylinder.
Iibholithi zokuqhagamshela isilinda:

iibholiti zebakala ezikwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu kunye namandla aphezulu ziya kusetyenziswa ukudibanisa isilinda

Isiseko: Isiseko siqinile kwaye sixhotyiswe ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo somatshini wokudambisa ipad, ene-vibration ephantsi, ingxolo ephantsi, ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwaye akukho siseko sikhethekileyo.
Isigqubuthelo se-cylinder: Uhlobo lokwahlula intsimbi yokugquma intsimbi yesigqubuthelo secandelo ngalinye le-cylinder engundoqo ifakwe izinto zokugquma, intle kwaye ilungele, iphucula isiphumo sokugquma kwesixhobo, inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, inciphisa ubushushu bomphezulu wangaphandle we-cylinder, kwaye kuthintela ukutshisa.

inkqubo yokumpompa ngevacuum

ipompo yokufunxa: impompo yokufunxa yeringi yamanzi + impompo yeengcambu

Itanki yokucoca i-vacuum: itanki yokucoca insimbi engenasici, exhotyiswe ngegridi yamanzi yokucoca ipleyiti ukuze iququzelele ukuhluzwa kokungcola kunye nokuguquguquka.

Ulwakhiwo olunamanqanaba amabini etanki yokucoca ivacuum lunokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo ukususwa kwamanzi, izinto eziguquguqukayo kunye nenkunkuma.Idigri ye-vacuum ayinakuchaphazeleka kakhulu ngexesha lenkqubo yokususa.

I-hose yerubha yoxinzelelo oluphezulu isetyenzisiweyo, ekulula ukuyichitha kwaye inokudlala indima yokugcina ubushushu.

Indawo nganye ye-vacuum ixhotyiswe ngenkqubo ye-vacuum ezimeleyo, enezinga eliphezulu lenkululeko kwaye ayiphazamisi omnye nomnye.Iingxaki kwindawo enye aziyi kuchaphazela inkqubo yonke.

Uyilo olulodwa lwezibuko lokuphuphuma lwenza ukuba isilwanyana sasekhaya siphume kwizibuko ngaphandle kokugeleza kumbhobho wokufunxa kwimeko yokukhutshwa kwezinto.Ilungele ukuqhaqha kunye nokucoca.

2.3 inguqu isinxibelelanisi 1 isiqwenga

Umgangatho ophezulu we-nitriding steel (38CrMoAlA) materia

unyango nitriding, ixhotyiswe umngxuma isivamvo uxinzelelo

Icandelo II:umtshintshi wesikrini kunye nempompo yokulinganisa kunye nokubumba kwe-T

Umtshintshi wesikrini sekholamu ephindwe kabini 1 iseti

impompo yokulinganisa i-1 iseti yeempawu

bonke abanciphisi bamkela i-Dongli reducers ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kokudluliselwa.

inzwa yoxinzelelo kunye nombhobho onyibilikayo

uphawu

Inzwa isetyenziselwa ukufumana uxinzelelo phambi kwempompo.

ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokulawula, inzwa yoxinzelelo isetyenziselwa ukulawula i-loop evaliweyo ye-extruder, enokuthi ilungelelanise ngokuzenzekelayo isantya se-extruder kunye nomthamo ongenanto, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza koxinzelelo lwe-extrusion.

I-mold eyi-T isethi e-1

uphawu

ukucwenga kwechrome kunye nokupholisha.Ubunzima obukhulu kune-HRC 55

umaleko umlinganiselo: umaleko omnye

Ububanzi bemveliso mm amakhulu asibhozo anamashumi asibhozo

Icandelo 3:Iyunithi yekhalenda ezintathu ezinobubanzi

1. ezintathu roll calender1 iseti

uphawu

intambo ukutsalwa isixhobo stop likaxakeka kunye Schneider yokumisa likaxakeka switch.

i-roller clamping kunye nokwahlula: i-cylinder ye-hydraulic ihlengahlengiswa, kwaye i-sliding ithatha umzila wesikhokelo somgca.

isikhululo se-hydraulic samkela uyilo lokugcina uxinzelelo oluzenzekelayo, kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-8Mpa.

Irola elawula iqondo lobushushu: ukupholisa kwamanzi okuphola, kusetyenziswa i-chiller yamanzi ukupholisa amanzi, (i-chiller yamanzi ifuna ukhetho)

i-roller gap ukulungiswa kwe-servo motor control, enokuthi ibekwe ngesitshixo esinye kwinkqubo yokulawula.(ukhetho olongezelelweyo luyafuneka)

ikhalenda inokulungelelaniswa phezulu nasezantsi, ngaphambili nangasemva.

Ububanzi bemveliso mm amakhulu asibhozo anamashumi asibhozo

Ubuninzi bemveliso Min.min mm zero inqaku lesihlanu

Max.max mm inqaku elinye ezimbini

I-Reducer Independent drive Dongli reducer

Qhuba i-motor Eguquguqukayo frequency motor kw amabini amanqaku alithoba

Amandla eemoto eziphathwayo kw zero point ezisixhenxe ezintlanu

Isiqendu 4 :itrektara/ishiti elirhuqa iseti enye

uphawu

umqulu ophezulu werabha, umgca wentsimbi ophantsi we-roll traction

Ulawulo loxinzelelo lwenziwa phakathi kokutsala kunye neerola ezintathu, kwaye naphakathi kokutsala kunye nokujikajika.Xa umatshini wonke ukhawuleza kwaye ubuninzi beeshiti ezahlukeneyo ziveliswa, ulawulo lwezandla alufunwa, kwaye isantya sinokunyuswa ngexesha elifanayo ukwenza izixhobo zisebenze ngokuqhelekileyo.Inzwa yokufuduka yase-Italiya yaseJefferson yamkelwa.

iqhosha lokumisa isixhobo sikaxakeka

ngenkqubo yokucheba.Ikwaxhotyiswe ngezixhobo ezimbini zokujija inkunkuma.

Unciphisi :Ibrand yeDongli

1. i-winder 1 iseti yeempawu

Ukujika komzuzu

Indawo ezimbini/ezimbini kwisikhululo

ulawulo lweemoto ze-servo

Iyunithi yokucheba.Ukubuyiselwa kwezinto zomda

Ngenkqubo yokucheba.Kwaye ixhotyiswe ngezixhobo ezimbini zokuphehla inkunkuma.

Ukusika imela ejikelezayo.

I-torque motor iqokelela umda wenkunkuma

Umatshini wokugcina ifilimu ozenzekelayo

ngexesha utshintsho roll oluzenzekelayo

I-Aluminiyam yesikhokelo sokuhambisa unyango: φ=76mm, L=1100mm umphezulu omdaka wonyango lwe-oxidation.

Inokugcina amaphepha ayi-16m;

Icandelo 5: i-winder yendawo ephindwe kabini 1 iseti

Ubume bomoya: iziko le-turret, imowudi yokuvala i-gap;

Ukubuyisela umva umsebenzi: Inemisebenzi emibini yoqhagamshelwano lokubuyisela umva kunye nokubuyisela isithuba;

INXALENYE 6 inkqubo yokuqhuba umbane

Inkqubo yomqhubi wombane wesilwanyana sisetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngezixhobo zokuqhuba kumacandelo ahlukeneyo ezilwanyana zasekhaya, kubandakanywa iyunithi ephambili yokukhupha, i-roller yokupholisa, iyunithi yokutsala kunye ne-turnover double position winder.

Xa impendulo ye-encoder yamkelwa kwisixhobo sothumelo, ukuchaneka kozinzo lwesantya kunokufikelela kwi-0.1%.Ulawulo lwesantya kunye nolawulo loxinzelelo luya kufezekiswa kwisixhobo sokuhanjiswa kwe-extruder.Ukuchaneka okuphezulu kokuhanjiswa kuyafuneka kwi-extruder ephambili kunye ne-roller yokupholisa,

ukuqinisekisa ukufana kwe-longitudinal tolerance of PET sheet.Iiroli ezidadayo okanye izivamvo zoxinzelelo zisetyenziselwa ulungelelwaniso lwesantya phakathi kwekhalenda emithathu kunye netrektara.

ukusetwa kwesantya ukusuka kwirola yokupholisa ukuya kwiyunithi yokutsala kukubudlelwane betyathanga lesantya ukuqinisekisa ukuba isantya somgca womgca wemveliso silungelelanisiwe, kwaye isantya somgca womgca wemveliso sinokunikwa yi-roller yokupholisa ngokwenkcazo yemveliso. , kwaye inokumiselwa ngokuzenzekelayo.

Icandelo 7 Kwi-line sheet yokuphatha izixhobo kunye nezinye izixhobo ezincedisayo

1..Kumgca we-silicone oyile inkqubo yokwaleka kunye.Ioli ye-silicone ifakwe kwi-oven ye-2m

Inkqubo yokubuyisela inkunkuma kwi-intanethi iiseti ezi-2

2. Three roll calendering ubushushu exchanges

3. Ukufudumeza kwamanzi kunye nokupholisa (kubonelelwa yi-chiller)

iimpawu zokutshintshiselana kobushushu be-roll rolling ezintathu

4. isixokelelwano sekristale sokurisayikilisha izilwanyana

5. 30HP Air cooled chiller

1. inkqubo yokugquma ioli ye-silicone engaphakathi kunye.Ioli ye-silicone ifakwe kwi-oven ye-2m

Inkqubo yokubuyisela inkunkuma kwi-intanethi iiseti ezi-2

Nge-oven eyi-2m, icala elinye eliqatywe ngeoyile ye-silicone

4. isixokelelwano sekristale sokurisayikilisha izilwanyana

5, 30HP Air cooled chiller

I-PARAMETER UMZEKELO		SYF-30
Umthamo wefriji	Kw 50Hz/60Hz	92.6
Umthamo wefriji	Kw 50Hz/60Hz	110.66
Ukunikezelwa kwamandla kunye namacandelo ombane		380v 50HZ
Isikhenkcisi	Igama	I-R22
Isikhenkcisi	Imo yolawulo	Ivalve yokwandisa ibhalansi yangaphakathi
Icompressor	Uhlobo	Uhlobo oluvaliweyo lwe-vortex
Icompressor	Amandla(Kw)	27.4
Icondenser	Uhlobo	Ukusebenza okuphezulu kobhedu olugubungele i-aluminiyam amaphiko + ingxolo ephantsi ye-rotor fan yangaphandle
	Amandla fan kunye nobuninzi	0.75Kw*3
	Umthamo womoya wokupholisa(m³/h)	28290
Umphunga	Uhlobo	Uhlobo lwekhoyili yetanki yamanzi
	Umthamo wamanzi amkhenkce (m³/h)	22.07
	Umthamo wamanzi amkhenkce (m³/h)	26.48
	Umthamo wetanki (L)	580
Impompo yamanzi	Amandla(Kw)	3
	Phakamisa (m)	40
	Isantya sokuhamba (m³)	25
	Ujongano lwedayamitha yombhobho	DN65
Ukhuseleko kunye nokhuseleko	Ukukhuselwa kobushushu obugqithileyo kwiCompressor, ukhuseleko olugqithileyo, ukukhuselwa koxinzelelo oluphezulu noluphantsi, ukukhuselwa kobushushu obugqithisileyo, ukulandelelana kwesigaba/ukhuseleko lwesigaba, ukukhuselwa kobushushu obugqithisileyo.
Imilinganiselo yoomatshini	Mde (mm)	2500
	Ububanzi (mm)	1000
	Phezulu (mm)	1700
Igalelo lamandla ewonke	KW	34.5
Ubunzima bomatshini	KG	1100
Qaphela:1.Isakhono sokukhenkceza sisekwe:kwindawo yokukhenkceza yamanzi kwindawo yokungena kunye nobushushu bamanzi aphumayo 7℃/12℃,indawo yokupholisa kunye nobushushu bomoya wokuphuma 30℃/35℃.
2.Umda womsebenzi:uluhlu lobushushu bamanzi angumkhenkce: 5℃to35℃;Indawo ekhenkcezayo yokungena kwamanzi kunye nokwahlukana kobushushu obuphumayo: 3℃to8℃,Iqondo lobushushu elikhoyo alikho ngaphezulu kwe-35℃.
Unelungelo lokutshintsha le parameters okanye imilinganiselo engentla ngaphandle kwesaziso.